Дистрибутивы Linux

A source-based distribution built around its own 'Sorcery' package management system, in the same general family as Gentoo but with an independent, smaller, longer-running community.

A Polish-developed distribution offering both a stable Debian-based edition and a rolling-release edition tracking Debian Testing, across a wide choice of lightweight desktop environments.

A free RHEL rebuild maintained by Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study, historically known as PUIAS Linux and popular in academic HPC clusters.

Valve's own gaming-focused Linux distribution, the operating system that ships on the Steam Deck and powers Proton, the compatibility layer that runs most Windows games on Linux.

A Fedora-based distribution built to run the Sugar learning platform from a USB stick, designed by Sugar Labs (spun out of the One Laptop Per Child project) for child-centered education.

A long-running live distribution (formerly SystemRescueCd) built for repairing broken systems -- disk partitioning, data recovery, backup, and Windows/Linux repair tools, all on one boot medium.

A source-based 'Distribution Build Kit' rather than a fixed distribution -- a framework of tools and scripts for constructing an entirely custom Linux distribution tailored to specific hardware or goals.

The Amnesic Incognito Live System -- a live, boot-from-USB OS that forces all network traffic through Tor and leaves no trace on the host machine once shut down.

One of the smallest usable Linux distributions in existence -- the base 'Core' image is around 11MB -- built entirely around loading extensions on top of a minimal in-RAM base.

An Ubuntu-based distribution that strips out every trace of proprietary software and non-free firmware, one of the small number of distributions officially endorsed by the Free Software Foundation.

iXsystems' Linux-based network-attached storage (NAS) operating system, built on Debian with ZFS, offering enterprise-grade storage features plus built-in container and VM support through a web interface.

An Ubuntu-based digital forensics and OSINT distribution with a dedicated computer-vision analysis toolset and kernel-level device write-blocking, aimed at DFIR investigators and researchers.

A library of around 100 free, pre-built Debian-based server appliance images -- one per application (WordPress, GitLab, file server, and so on) -- ready to deploy as a VM, cloud image, or bare-metal install.

The world's most widely used desktop Linux distribution, backed by Canonical with predictable LTS releases every two years.

The official Budgie-desktop flavor of Ubuntu, combining Ubuntu's base with a desktop originally built for Solus that emphasizes simplicity and a built-in widget sidebar (Raven).

Canonical's minimal, security-hardened, IoT-focused edition of Ubuntu, built entirely around transactionally-updated Snap packages rather than traditional .deb packages.

An official Ubuntu flavor developed jointly by Canonical and the Chinese government's National University of Defense Technology, tailored to the Chinese market and Chinese-language input/software needs.

The official MATE flavor of Ubuntu, offering a traditional GNOME 2-style desktop for users who never warmed to GNOME 3's redesign.

Canonical's server edition of Ubuntu -- the same package base and LTS cadence as Ubuntu Desktop, minus the desktop environment, and the most common Linux base image in public cloud deployments.

An official Ubuntu flavor built for audio, video, graphics, and publishing production, with a low-latency real-time kernel and a curated suite of creative open-source software.

An immutable, Debian-based distribution offering an unmodified, stock GNOME desktop, with its own ABRoot system for atomic updates and dual-root A/B image swapping.

An independently built rolling-release distribution using its own XBPS package manager and runit as its init system instead of systemd, appealing to users who specifically want to avoid systemd.

A two-VM anonymity system where a 'Gateway' machine routes all traffic through Tor and a separate 'Workstation' VM does all actual work, so a compromised application can never learn your real IP address.

A free, open-source virtualization platform built on the Xen hypervisor, forked from Citrix Hypervisor to remain a fully open alternative for running and managing virtual machines at scale.

An Arch-based, KDE-Plasma-focused distribution built by a single enthusiast developer, emphasizing an out-of-the-box polished, pre-themed Plasma desktop.

The official Xfce flavor of Ubuntu, aimed at users who want Ubuntu's ecosystem on a lighter, more traditional desktop than GNOME.

A Linux Foundation-hosted build framework (not a distribution to install) for creating fully custom embedded Linux systems, used industry-wide across networking gear, automotive systems, and IoT devices.

An Ubuntu-based small-business server platform that reimplements Microsoft's Active Directory protocols, letting Linux fully stand in for a Windows Server domain controller.