← All Android ROMs
GrapheneOS
The most security-hardened custom Android ROM available, built specifically around Google Pixel hardware to take advantage of its security chip and verified boot — used by security researchers and high-risk users specifically for its hardening work, not just its privacy features.
Based on
AOSP (Android Open Source Project)
First released
2014 (as CopperheadOS; relaunched as GrapheneOS in 2019)
Tracks
Android 16
Device support
Google Pixel devices only (2021 or later, expanding to select Motorola devices)
GrapheneOS's entire design philosophy centers on genuine security engineering rather than just removing Google services: it ships real kernel and userspace hardening (a hardened memory allocator, exploit-mitigation patches upstreamed from the grsecurity/PaX lineage of ideas, a sandboxed Google Play Compatibility Layer that lets Play Services run in a restricted sandbox instead of with full system privileges), and deliberately limits itself to Pixel hardware specifically because Pixels are the only Android devices with fully open-source bootloaders and the verified-boot chain GrapheneOS needs to guarantee its own integrity. It's the option security professionals and journalists in high-risk environments most commonly recommend, ahead of ROMs that prioritize convenience or wider device support over that specific security posture.
MirrorNest doesn't mirror ROM installation files — flashing a custom ROM is device-specific and carries real risk (an interrupted flash can brick a device), so installation should always go through the project's own official device page and instructions, linked above.